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The incubation period varies from two to 10 days, usually depending on the virus. The onset is sudden with aches and pains, a temperature and headache. Photophobia or dislike of light is a common symptom.

The diagnosis is suspected because of the presence of a stiff neck or back. The doctor finds that when he moves the patient the head cannot be bent forward for the chin to rest on the chest.

This sign may be present as a result of irritation of the meninges from some other infection without direct involvement of the brain coverings themselves.

If the diagnosis is suspected then it can be confirmed by carrying out a procedure known as a lumbar puncture. A needle is inserted into the lower back penetrating between the spines or projections of the vertebrae to enter the spinal canal.

The cerebrospinal fluid is withdrawn and examined under the microscope. This enables the doctor to tell the difference between a bacterial or viral infection.

Bacterial infections must be treated with ahtibiotics but for a viral infection there is no treatment.

Fortunately most cases subside within a week and all the patient requires is aspirin or paracetamol to relieve the temperature.

Often the headache is severe and unresponsive to strong analgesics. Occasionally some muscle weakness or paralysis may occur during the course of the illness. Fortunately most cases recover.

Occasionally the infection may spread beyond the coverings to involve the brain itself. This is an encephalitis. If this happens the person is sicker and more likely to develop a complication.

There is no vaccine available for prevention and its development is unlikely because of the generally benign nature of the disorder and the many different viruses which are likely to cause it.

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The situation has changed and there is now adequate scientific information to indicate that cannabis use can be dangerous and can lead to problems the same as alcohol and tobacco.

I know of no reputable medical association which supports the legalisation of this drug or which advocates its wider use.

The community has a vested interest in the health of its members and therefore has a right to consider the benefits and abuses to society as well as to the individual when considering both drug use and abuse.

Wise men have been advocating moderation in the use of alcohol for at least 3000 years, perhaps longer. Yet the level of alcohol abuse is increasing in Australia.

Can we afford another problem?

Because, like alcohol, it releases inhibitions, cannabis is often said to enhance sexual pleasure. It may do so in the early stages but regular use leads to apathy in this field of human activity as in the other areas and sexual desire and activity decline with regular use.

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